我国高校特殊教育专业人才培养方案调查研究

A Survey and Study of Special Education Professional Talent Training Program in Chinese Colleges and Universities

特殊教育专业人才培养方案是有关培养特殊教育教师的内容、过程设计的指导性文件,是高校特殊教育专业人才培养体系的核心要件。文章主要调查我国特殊教育专业人才培养方案的现实特点。调查显示,我国现行特殊教育专业学位方案关注理论与实践问题,注重全面发展,课程类型多样、涉及多种学科知识领域,重视课堂教学与教师的主导作用和笔试与结果评价等;但仍存在关注领域比较单一,培养目标个性不足,课程结构与内容欠合理、缺乏开放性,训练方法创新不够和评价体系欠完善等局限。因此,我国高校将来应进一步增强特殊教育专业人才培养方案的多样性、新颖性、开放性、信息化和可行性。

The training program for special education professionals is a guiding document on the content and process design of training special education teachers. It is the core element of the training system for special education professionals in colleges and universities. This paper mainly surveys the practical characteristics of the training program for special education professionals in China. As shown in the survey,the current special education degree program focuses on theoretical and practical issues,pays attention to the comprehensive development of students,has a variety of courses,involves diverse knowledge in various disciplines,and attaches importance to classroom teaching and the leading role of teachers as well as the evaluation of written tests and their results,but there are still some limitations such as the singularity in aspects of concern,the lack of individualized training objectives,unreasonable curriculum structures and contents,the shortage of openness,insufficient innovation in training methods,and inadequate evaluation systems,etc. Therefore,colleges and universities in China should enhance the diversity,novelty,openness,informatization and feasibility of the special education professional talent training program in the future.