急救躁动患者使用两种透明敷料固定静脉留置针的效果观察

Study on the effect of two kinds of transparent dressings in the use of intravenous indwelling needle in restless patients in emergency first aid

目的比较2种透明敷料应用于急诊急救躁动患者固定静脉留置针的效果。方法将160例急诊抢救室的需要使用静脉留置针的躁动患者用随机数字表法分为常规敷料组和3M敷料组，每组80例。常规敷料组使用贴可舒医用透明敷料，规格为6cm-7cm，3M敷料组使用3M敷料，规格为6．5cm×7．0cm，将2组透明敷料固定静脉留置针的留置时间、发生静脉留置针的脱管例数、更换透明敷料的时间、透明敷料的卷边例数进行比较。结果常规敷料组患者静脉留置针的留置时间为（19．67±7．02）h，其中15例患者发生静脉留置针脱管，3M敷料组患者静脉留置针的留置时间为（41．64±17．79）h，其中4例患者发生静脉留置针脱管，2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=10．27，x2=7．23。P〈0．05）；常规敷料组患者更换透明敷料的时间为（18．92±6．58）h，其中24例患者发生透明敷料卷边，3M敷料组患者更换透明敷料的时间为（41．11±17．76）h，其中7例患者发生透明敷料卷边，2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=-10．48，r=11．56，P〈0．05）。结论在急诊急救中，为躁动患者使用静脉留置针进行静脉输液，固定时建议使用3M敷料，能保证静脉留置针在留置期的使用，有效地防止静脉留置针的脱出，固定效果好，减轻患者痛苦的同时减少了患者的经济成本，可在临床中推广应用。

Objective To investigate and compare the effect of two kinds of transparent dressings in the use of fixed intravenous indwelling needle in restless patients in emergency first aid. Methods A total of 160 restless patients who were required to use intravenous indwelling needle were randomly divided into conventional dressing group and 3M dressing group by random digits table method, 80 patients in each group. The medical transparent dressings（Specification： 6 cm × 7 cm） were used for the patients of conventional dressing group, and 3M dressings（Specification ： 6.5 cm×7.0 cm ） for 3M dressing group. The fixity time, number of cases intravenous indwelling needle detached, replaced time of transparent dressing, number of crimping cases were compared. Results For the conventional dressing group, fixity time was （19.67 ±7.02） h, replaced time was （18.92 ±6.58） h, 15 detached cases and 24 crimping cases happened. While for the 3M dressing group, fixity time was （41.64 ± 17.79） h, replaced time was （41.11 ±17.76） h, 4 detached cases and 7 crimping cases happened. The difference was statistically significant（t=- 10.27, X2=7.23, t=- 10.48, x2=11.56, all P〈0.05）. Conclusions 3M transparent dressing is suggested in fixing intravenous indwelling needle in restless patient in emergency first aid. It can ensure the use of intravenous indwelling needle during the period, effectively prevents the needle from detaching due to its good fixation effect.