白塞病相关性眼病的研究进展

Research progress of oculopathy associated with Behcet's disease

白塞病是一种慢性、累及多系统的自身免疫性疾病,典型的临床特征有复发性口腔溃疡、阴部溃疡、眼炎等,也可累及胃肠道、关节、心血管、肾脏及神经等多个系统。其基本病理改变为非特异性血管炎,可累及大小动脉、静脉及毛细血管,多数以小血管和静脉为主,大多为渗出性,少数为增生性,有时两者同时存在,病变部位可以发生充血、水肿、栓塞、狭窄、纤维素渗出和脓疡形成等。其中眼部受累者预后不佳,常表现为葡萄膜炎,且反复发作,以青壮年多见,常引起一些并发症,严重影响视力。本文从临床特点、发病机制、治疗方面对白塞病相关性眼病进行综述。

Behcet＇s disease is a chronic autoimmune disease involving multiple systems. The typical clinical characteristics are recurrent oral ulcers, pudendal ulcer and ophthalmia. It could also affect multiple parts of the body including gastrointestinal tract, joint, heart and blood vessels, kidney and nerves. The basic pathological changes are nonspecific vasculitis involving arteria, veins and capillaries and mainly happen in small vessels and veins. Most of them are exudative, some of them are proliferative and sometimes they are exudative and proliferative at the same time. Congestion, edema, embolism, stenosis, fibrous exudation and abscess could occur in the diseased region. The prognosis is poor when eye is involved. The common symptom is uveitis with recurrent attacks. It usually occurs in young adults and causes some complication. It could badly affect vision. The clinical characteristics, mechanisms and treatments of oculopathy associated with Behcet＇s disease were reviewed in this paper.