大写的“一”与“多”:一般智力与诸众——维尔诺的《诸众的语法》解读

The Big “One”and the Many as Well as the General Intellect and the Multitude: An Interpretation of Virno's A Grammar of the Multitude

在后福特资本主义社会的现实存在中,作为星丛存在的诸众之"多",仍然受到同一性的统治,但这种新的大写的"一"不再通过国家的外显的强制同一性出现,也不再通过意识形态统一为"集体",而是化身为一种新的普遍性,一种作为一般智力出现的语言、智能和人类共有的能力成为诸众存在的方式,这种大写的"一"与传统和概念同一性的作用完全不同,它不再以简单的同一性强制压制多,而恰恰包容了多的差异,让诸众更加屈从于后福特时代的资本统治。

In the capitalist social reality of post-Fordism,the plurality of the multitude is still ruled by the oneness.But this new"One"no longer makes its appearance through the compulsive oneness of a state,nor is it a collectivity through the ideology.It,instead,becomes universality of a new kind:a language,intelligence and ability that are shared by everyone,and appears as the general intellect—a way of existence for the multitude.The"One"is quite different in effect from the oneness of both custom and conception,for it does not replace the plurality with oneness any more,but tolerates the otherness of the Many,leaving the multitude subjective further to the rule of post-Fordist capital.