输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗肾下盏结石的护理体会

Experience of Nursing Care of Patients with Lower Pole caliceal stones with Ureteral Soft Laser Lithotripsy

总结了输尿管软镜碎石术(钬激光)治疗45例肾下盏结石的围手术期护理经验。39例患者一次碎石成功,单次手术碎石总成功率达到86.67%(39/45),4例经输尿管软镜治疗失败者改体外冲击波碎石成功,2例改经皮肾镜钬激光碎石成功。经过围手术期积极护理配合治疗,本组患者未出现肾周感染、输尿管穿孔、发热、脓肾、输尿管撕脱等并发症。认为经尿道输尿管软镜碎石术(钬激光)治疗肾下盏结石具有操作简便、创伤小、并发症少和碎石高效等特点,可作为肾下盏结石一线治疗方案推荐临床应用。良好的围手术期护理配合,可减少术后并发症,有利于患者术后康复。

Summed up ureteral soft lithotripsy（ He-Ne laser） treatment of 45 cases of renal calculi and their perioperative nursing experience.Including 39 patients with a successful gravel,the total surgical rate of single-operation lithotripsy reached 86.67%（ 39/45）,4 patients who failed the ureteral soft-microscope treatment were successfully treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy,and 2 patients were treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Laser gravel is successful.After perioperative active care and treatment,there were no complications such as perirenal infection,perforation of ureter,fever,pyonephrosis,and ureteral avulsion. It is considered that transurethral ureteral soft lithotripsy（ He-Ne laser） is a simple,minimally invasive procedure with less complications and high lithotripsy.It can be used as a first-line treatment for renal calculi.And a good combination of perioperative care can reduce postoperative complications and is conducive to postoperative recovery.