嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法在多发性骨髓瘤中的应用现状

The current status of CAR-T cell therapy in multiple myeloma

多发性骨髓瘤（multiple myeloma,MM）是第二大常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤,约占所有恶性肿瘤的10%,具有极高的发病率和死亡率[1]。目前,临床上还没有治愈MM的方法。2017年,美国约有30 000例新增MM患者,约有12 000人死于MM[2]。

Multiple myeloma（MM）,also known as malignant plasma cell neoplasm,which cannot be cured.Chimeric antigen receptors（CARs）are fusion proteins that bind antigen recognition epitopes to T cell signal domains.Engineered T cells with CARs specifically recognize tumor antigens.Compared with standard MM therapy,T-cell therapy has a high degree of specificity,providing a bright future for the treatment of MM.B-cell maturation antigen（BCMA）is expressed in both normal and malignant plasma cells.Clinical studies have shown that anti-BCMA CAR-T cells have a good therapeutic effect on myeloma.The main adverse event of CAR-T cell therapy is the cytokine release syndrome.Target antigens for the treatment of MM include CD38,CD138,SLAMF7,kappa light chain,and the potential myeloma stem cell antigen CD19.This article reviews the current status and development prospects of CAR-T in MM immunotherapy.