甲状软骨钙化的高频超声表现

High-frequency ultrasonographic for thyroid cartilage calcification

目的探讨甲状软骨钙化高频超声表现,以提高甲状软骨钙化的超声诊断水平。方法选择2017年1月至9月深圳市龙岗区耳鼻咽喉医院甲状软骨钙化的嗓音疾病186例患者,其中男性104例,女性82例;年龄22~55岁,中位年龄39.2岁。回顾性分析甲状软骨钙化患者的超声图像特点,观察病灶大小、边界、内部回声、钙化,实时动态观察肿块与周围组织的毗邻关系及血液供应情况,无钙化斑点回声型(Ⅰ型)、散在点簇状回声型(Ⅱ型)、板带状回声型(Ⅲ型)、混合回声型(Ⅳ型)等4种类型超声声像图特征。结果 186例甲状软骨钙化患者中,超声检查Ⅰ型甲状软骨钙化48例,Ⅱ型甲状软骨钙化55例,Ⅲ型甲状软骨钙化63例,Ⅳ型甲状软骨钙化20例。甲状软骨钙化男女性别发生比例差异有统计学意义,Ⅰ~Ⅳ型甲状软骨钙化发生比例、Ⅰ型甲状软骨钙化男女性别发生比例、Ⅱ型甲状软骨钙化男女性别发生比例、Ⅲ型甲状软骨钙化男女性别发生比例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但Ⅳ型甲状软骨钙化男女性别发生比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高频超声是实时、快速有效的影像学检查方法,可作为甲状软骨钙化首选无创、无辐射的检查方法。

Objective To discuss the high-frequency ultrasonographic characteristics of thyroid cartilage calcification, and improve the level of ultrasonic diagnosis. Methods From January 2017 to September 2017, thyroid cartilage calcification of186 cases with voice disease were enrolled, which included 104 males and 82 females, aged 22-55 years old with median age of 39.2 years old. The characteristics of ultrasonic images of patients with thyroid cartilage calcification were analyzed retrospectively. Features of lesion size, border, internal echo, and calcification were observed. The adjacent relationship between lumps and the surrounding tissue as well as the blood supply were real-time dynamicly observed. There were 4 types of ultrasonic sonogram features, non-calcular spot echo（type Ⅰ）, scattered point cluster echo（type Ⅱ）, laminar echo（type Ⅲ）, and mixed echo（type Ⅳ）. Results In 186 patients with thyroid cartilage calcification, there were 48 of type Ⅰ, 55 of type Ⅱ, 63 of type Ⅲ and 20 of type Ⅳ. The incidence of thyroid cartilage calcification in different gender incidence of type Ⅰ-Ⅳ thyroid cartilage calcification, the thyroid cartilage calcification of type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ between males and females were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. However, incidence of type Ⅳ thyroid cartilage calcification was no statistically significant between males and females（P〉0.05）. Conclusion It is demonstrated that high-frequency ultrasound is a real-time, rapid and effective imaging method, which could be used as preferred non-invasive and non-radiation method in examination of thyroid cartilage calcification.