油箱两侧布置式直升机压力加油系统工作特性及设计优化

Performance and Design Optimization of the Pressure Refueling System of the Helicopter with Fuel Tank Arranged on Both Sides of Fuselage

某新型直升机在国内首次采用燃油箱在机身两侧短翼内布置方式,与以往燃油箱在机身底部客货舱地板下布置的直升机相比,其压力加油系统有较大改变,结构更为复杂。为了满足直升机安全和减重要求,减少研制风险,通过Flowmaster软件仿真研究这种布置方式直升机压力加油系统工作特性,研究表明,其工作时左侧油箱比右侧油箱加油快,后侧油箱比前侧油箱先加满。为了解决这些问题提出了包括更改管路结构和同侧两油箱间增设连通管的优化方案,并提出了定量描述油箱两侧布置式直升机压力加油系统工作时各油箱加油流量不匹配程度的方法。证明了该优化方案能显著减小两侧布置式直升机压力加油过程中各油箱加油流量不匹配程度,且能满足管路内燃油流速限制和系统冲击压力限制的要求,该优化方案已在实际型号研制中得到运用。

The fuel tank of helicopter was laid under the bottom of the passenger compartment of the fuselage customarily in the past. But in a new type of helicopter, the fuel tank has been arranged in the short wing on both sides of the fuselage for the first time. The pressure refueling system of the new type of helicopter has changed greatly, the structure is more complex. In order to meet the requirements of helicopter safety and weight reduction, reduce the risk of development, the performance of the helicopter pressure refueling system was studied by the simulation of Flowmaster software in this study. The study shows that in the work of the pressure refueling system of the helicopter whose fuel tank is arranged on both sides of the fuselage, the refueling speed of the left tank is faster than the refueling speed of right tank, and the rear tank is filled up earlier than the front tank. In order to solve these problems, an optimization scheme including changing the pipeline structure and adding a connecting pipe between the two oil tanks on the same side was proposed, and a method of quantificationally describing the mismatch degree of refueling flow in each tank was also presented. It was proved that the optimization scheme can significantly reduce the mismatch degree of refueling flow in each tank in the pressure refueling process, and can meet the requirements of the limit of the fuel flow velocity in the pipeline and the limit of the impact pressure of the system. The optimization scheme has been applied in the new type of helicopter.