我国对外贸易结构及国际竞争力研究

Study on China's foreign trade structure competit Study on China's Foreign Trade Structure and International Competitiveness

从贸易结构、贸易方式、产品国际竞争力等方面就我国近几年的对外贸易发展趋势进行了定量研究。研究表明,一般贸易进出口占比稳步上升,加工贸易占比则逐步缩减。我国在塑料制品、陶瓷产品、首饰、未锻轧铝及铝材、船舶、玩具等产业具有绝对的出口优势,综合竞争力很强,而在大豆、铁矿砂及其精矿、铜矿砂及其精矿、天然气、医药品、纸浆、原木及锯材、二极管及类似半导体器件、煤及褐煤、原油等产业存在极大的竞争劣势。机电产品、高新技术产品的竞争优势在逐步提升,已高于国际平均水平。

A quantitative study of the development trend of foreign trade in China in recent years has been conducted in terms of trade structure, trade patterns, and product international competitiveness. Research shows that the proportion of imports and exports in general trade has increased steadily, while the proportion of processing trade has gradually decreased. China has absolute export advantages in plastic products, ceramic products, jewellery, unwrought aluminum and aluminum materials, ships, toys and other industries, and its comprehensive competitiveness is strong. In soybeans, iron ore and its concentrates, copper ores Its concentrates, natural gas, pharmaceuticals, pulp, logs and sawn timber, diodes and similar semiconductor devices, coal and lignite, crude oil, and other industries have significant competitive disadvantages. The competitive advantage of mechanical and electrical products and high -tech products has gradually increased and has gradually exceeded the international level.