建瓯市竹林土壤有机质时空变异特征研究

Spatiotemporal Variations of Soil Organic Matter of Moso Bamboo Forests in Jian'ou City

运用地统计学与地理信息系统(GIS)相结合的方法,探讨建瓯市1978-2015年近40 a来竹林土壤有机质的时空变异特征,旨为当地竹林地管理及竹产业的可持续发展提供参考依据。研究表明:2015年建瓯市竹林土壤有机质分布整体呈现东北与西南较高,其他区域偏低的特点;建瓯市竹林土壤有机质在研究期初和期末的平均质量分数有所下降,分别为3.13%和3.03%;空间相关距离也有所下降,分别为802 m和620.4 m。近40 a来建瓯市毛竹林土壤有机质Ⅰ级与Ⅲ级土地面积分别增加了4.68%和17.3%,而Ⅱ与Ⅳ级土壤面积分别减少了17.4%和4.63%,人类活动对竹林土壤有机质的影响程度有所增强;高程、坡度与坡向等地形因子对建瓯市部分区域竹林土壤有机质变化有着显著影响。因此,在竹林土壤的规划与管理上要基于地形因素基础上考虑人为措施的影响,为可持续利用竹林土壤提供参考。

Using the methods of geostatistics and GIS, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of soil organic matter （SOM） in moso bamboo forests from 1978 to 2015 in Jian＇ou City were analyzed, in order to provide some references for the local bamboo industry development. In space, SOM content was higher in northeast and southwest Jian＇ou, but lower in other regions. From 1978 to 2015, SOM content decreased slightly from 3.13% to 3.03%, and the self-correlation distance of SOM decreased from 802 m in 1978 to 620.4 m in 2015. According to the land quality classification, the first （ Ⅰ ） and third （ Ⅲ ） grade land area increased respectively by 4.68% and 17.3%, while the second （ Ⅱ ） and fourth （ Ⅳ ） grade land area decreased respectively by 17.4% and 4.63%, indicating that SOM of bamboo forests was influenced by the artificial factors. The analysis of topographic factors revealed that elevation, slope and aspect exerted significant impacts on SOM. Therefore, field managements should be considered on the basis of topographic factors for a sustainable soil utilization of bamboo forests.