当前新材料及所需战略性矿产概述

Summary of current new materials and necessary strategic mineral resources

材料与矿产资源密切相关,稀土、硼、石墨等战略性资源都是研制、制造新材料必不可少的"味精"和"激素"。本文根据工业和信息化部、国家发展和改革委员会、科学技术部、财政部2017年联合制定的《新材料产业发展指南》,总结归纳了当前重点应用领域急需的十大新材料和五大前沿新材料。重点应用领域急需的十大新材料:新一代信息技术产业用材料、高档数控机床和机器人材料、航空航天装备材料、海洋工程装备及高技术船舶用材料、先进轨道交通装备材料、节能与新能源汽车材料、电力装备材料、农机装备材料、生物医药及高性能医疗器械材料、节能环保材料;五大前沿新材料:石墨烯、增材制造材料、纳米材料、超导材料、极端环境材料。在此基础上,简要介绍了这些材料所需的重要矿产及国内外的资源概况,并对于保障程度不高的矿产资源提出了预警和开发利用对策。

Materials are closely related to mineral resources,rare earth,boron,graphite and other strategic resources are all essential “monosodium glutamate” and “hormones” for the development and manufacture of new materials.In 2017,the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,the National Development and Reform Commission,the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance jointly formulated the The new material industry development guide .Based on that,the paper sums up 10 new materials which is currently needed in the key application fields,and 5 forefront important new minerals.The 10 new materials include：new generation of information technology industrial materials,advanced CNC machine tools and robot materials,aerospace equipment materials,marine engineering equipment and high-tech ship materials,advanced rail transit equipment materials,energy-saving and new energy automobile materials,electrical equipment materials,agricultural machinery equipment materials,biomedical and high-performance medical device materials,energy conservation and environmental protection materials.The 5 forefront important new minerals include：graphene,additive manufacturing materials,nanometer materials,superconducting material,extreme environmental material.It also briefly introduces the general situation of domestic and foreign resources on the new material,and puts forward early warning and exploitation and utilization countermeasures for mineral resources with low degree of guarantee.