淮河上游典型支流浮游植物群落结构特征

Analysis dynamics of phytoplankton community characteristics in typical tributaries of the upper reaches of Huaihe River

于2015年10月、12月,2016年2月、4月、6月和8月对界首两湾国家湿地公园进行6次调查,设置8个采样点(主河道5个样点,古河道3个样点)进行水样采集,鉴定出浮游植物172种,隶属于8门69属,其中绿藻门为优势类群,硅藻门和蓝藻门次之。生物多样性指数及水质理化指标相关分析表明,主河道水质为轻度污染,古河道水质为轻中度污染,主河道浮游植物群落结构的复杂程度和稳定性要高于古河道;同时,淮河干流浮游植物多样性要高于其二级支流,淮河干流属于富营养型水体,支流属于贫营养型水体。区域性气候对浮游植物多样性的影响,从南向北,由亚热带季风气候到北暖温带半湿润季风气候再到海洋(半湿润型)中温带季风气候,物种多样性是处于降低的趋势。

Jieshou Bay National Wetland Park is an important wetland park of the north Huaihe. Water samplings were carried out every two month from October of 2015 to August of 2016 at the 8 sampling sites（The main river has 5 sampling sites, and the ancient river has 3 sampling sites）.The results showed that a total of 172 species of phytoplankton were identified, which belonged to 8 phyla and 69 genera. Chlorophyta was the dominant group, followed by Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta. The analysis of biodiversity index indicated that the complex and stability of phytoplankton community in main river was higher than ancient river. The water quality of main river was of slightly polluted, but slightly or moderately polluted in the ancient river, at the same time. The study suggested that the biological diversity of phytoplankton in Huaihe River is higher than that in its tributaries. The mainstream of Huaihe River belongs to eutrophic water body, and its tributaries belong to oligotrophic water body. The effects of climate on the species diversity of phytoplankton was reduction trend from the subtropical monsoon climate to the north warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate and to the marine （semi-humid） temperate monsoon climate.