构建社会工作一般基础理论的思考

Reflections on Constructing the Basic Theories of Social Work

社会工作从专业到学科的发展,需要增进基础理论研究。形成具有社会工作特质的基础理论,既要具备相关社会历史条件的经验基础,又要有清晰的研究层次和多元的自洽性分析工具。一般基础理论的构建与一定时期具有重大影响的社会发展趋势或主导性社会条件相联系。社会工作学科的理论研究具有解释性与改变性的双重特征,其研究的核心工作是在宏观、中观、微观层面构建具有本土特色的一般基础理论。在各种社会行动研究的理论范式中,行动系统理论居于纲领性的“硬核”地位。社会工作价值观的二维结构是基础性实务模式的分析工具。社会工作的本土化问题,不论是宏观还是微观,实质都是社会工作价值观及其意识形态双层结构的问题。

The basic theory should be strengthened when social work develops from major to subject. Forming a basic theory with social work characteristics should not only have the experience basis of relevant social and historical conditions but also have a clear research level and multiple self-consistent analysis tools. The construction of general basic theory is related to the trend of social development with significant influence and dominant social conditions in certain period. The theoretical research of social work has the dual characteristics of explanation and change. The core work of the research is to construct general basic theory with local characteristics in macro,middle and micro level.The action system theory plays a real core status of guideline in the theoretical paradigm of various social action studies. The two-dimensional structure of social work values is the analytical tool of the basic practical mode. The problem of localization of social work,whether it is in macro level or micro level,is the double structure problem of social work value and ideological.