种衣剂和起垄栽培对玉米生长和产量的影响

Effect of Drought-resistant Agent and Ridged Cultivation on Maize Growth and Yield

针对北方地区春季玉米播种期干旱、出苗困难、苗情差等问题,筛选低聚糖、甲壳素、腐植酸盐等含量适宜的抗旱物质及多种助剂,制成玉米专用抗旱种衣剂,进行种子包衣,同时结合起垄栽培技术,进行大田实验,以探究其对玉米出苗率、生长状况和产量的影响。实验设4个处理:起垄+抗旱种衣剂(RD)、起垄(R)、抗旱种衣剂(D),以平地种植为对照(CK)。结果表明,施用抗旱种衣剂对玉米种子进行包衣处理,出苗期提早1~2d,生育期缩短1周左右。RD、R、D处理的玉米出苗率与CK相比,分别提高18.3%、7.2%、12.1%,产量与CK相比,分别增加17%、6%、3%,其中RD处理与CK间的差异显著(P<0.05),说明抗旱种衣剂结合起垄栽培技术,对提高玉米出苗率、促进生长、提高产量有积极作用。

In order to solve the problems of drought in maize seeding season, difficulties in maize seedling emergence and poor seedling quality in northern China, authors developed a drought-resistant agent by selecting suitable drought-resistant substances such as oligosaccharides, chitin, humates and various kinds of additives to ensure seed vigor in the soil and seed emergence rate. By using drought-resistant agent and the ridge planting technique, the field experiment was conducted, consisting of 4 treatments： ridge planting and drought-resistant agent（RD）, ridge planting（R）, drought-resistant agent（D）, and flat planting（CK）. The results of the field experiment showed that the application of drought-resistant agent to maize seed could advance the emergence for 1 to 2 days and reduce the fertility period for about one week. Compared with the control, the emergence rate of RD, R, and D treatments increased by 18.3%, 7.2%, and 12.1%, respectively; and the yield increased by 17%, 6%, and 3%, respectively. The results indicated that the drought-resistant agent combined with ridging technique could promote seedling emergence rate, growth and yield of maize.