鸢尾属7个品种花粉活力及柱头可授性研究

Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity of 7 Iris Plants

为探索鸢尾属不同品种的花粉活力及柱头可授性的变化规律,从而提高其杂交效率,以鸢尾属7个品种为试验材料,对其开花过程中不同时间的花粉活力和柱头可授性进行观测,并对其结果进行UPGMA聚类分析。结果表明,7个鸢尾品种花粉活力最高期与柱头可授性最高期在时间上不吻合。‘贵格少女’开花后2h花粉即散尽,6-8h柱头可授性保持最高;蓝蝴蝶、黄菖蒲、马蔺、‘音箱’、‘紫褐’和‘平瓣粉’分别于花后2h、2h、4h、6h、6h、6h花粉活力达到最大值,4-24h、4-26h、4-24h、6-8h、6h、6-8h柱头可授性保持最高。在欧式距离D2=2.68处,7个鸢尾品种可分为两大类,第一类包括4个品种,按相似度依次为‘音箱’、‘平瓣粉’、‘贵格少女’和‘紫褐’。第二类包括3个品种,按相似度依次为黄菖蒲、马蔺、蓝蝴蝶。

In order to explore the variation rule of pollen viability and stigma receptivity of different Iris cultivars,7 Iris were used as experimental materials.This paper investigated the pollen viability and stigma receptivity,then the data results were analyzed by UPGMA.The results showed that,the maximum pollen viability of 7 Iris did not coincide with its stigma receptivity.The pollen of Iris ‘Dorcas Lives Again’ cleared out 2h after flowering,while its stigma receptivity maintained highest at 6-8h.The pollen viability of Iris tectorum,Iris pseudacorus,Iris lactea var. chinensis,Iris ‘Muisic Box’ , Iris cv.and Iris ‘Pink Horizon’ reached its maximum respectively at 2h,2h,4h,6h,6h and 6h while the stigma maximum at 4-24h,4-26h,4-24h,6-8h,6h,6-8h.Cluster analysis divided 7 Iris into two groups when Euclidean distance was 2.68.According to similarity order,the first group included 4 cultivars （ Iris ‘Muisic Box’ , Iris ‘Pink Horizon’ , Iris ‘Dorcas Lives Again’ and Iris cv.）,the second group included 3 cultivars （ Iris pseudacorus,Iris lactea var. chinensis and Iris tectorum ）.