机床床身的弯曲刚度对其热态几何精度影响的模拟研究

Simulating Investigation into the Influence of the Bending Stiffness of a Machine Bed on Its Thermal Geometrical Precision

针对重量相同、弯曲刚度大小不等的 2种床身模拟件 ,采用与环境温度变化或摩擦热作用相似的热源对其进行热态模拟 ,讨论了它们的 3维传热特性。利用有限元软件计算出同一热源在放出热能不同的情况下床身模拟件的温度场分布。热变形试验结果表明 ,在床身模拟件重量和其他条件均相同的情况下 ,柔性床身模拟件的重力变形自动补偿热变形的能力明显优于刚性床身模拟件。

Heat simulation and 3D thermal conduction characteristics are discussed for two kinds of machine bed simulating parts whose weight is equal, but their bending stiffness is obviously different under similar environmental temperature or frictional heat. Moreover, the temperature field distribution values are calculated by FEM software in the case of unequal heat energy gived by the same heat source. The experimental results show that the gravitational deformation of simulating machine beds with small bending stiffness can compensate for their thermal deformation better than that with large bending stiffness under the same conditions such as their weight.