林下种植密度和收获期对金线莲产量和品质的影响

Effects of Planting Density and Harvesting Stages for Anoectochilus roxburghii Planted under Forest on Its Yield and Quality

目的:通过对比研究,确定金线莲林下仿野生栽培的适宜密度和最佳采收时期。方法:以福建省广泛种植的金线莲品种泰宁一号为实验材料,在金线莲道地产区契合金线莲原初生境的林下进行栽培,详细探究不同林下种植密度和采收期对金线莲的生物量和代表性药效成分的影响,为选取金线莲林下栽培合适栽培密度和最佳采收期提供重要参考依据。结果:在林下栽种密度处于4 cm(行距)×4 cm(株距)时,林下栽培金线莲的长势最佳、折干率高、多糖、生物碱和类黄酮等药用成分含量较高。通过详细分析不同采收期林下栽培金线莲的产量和品质,发现在林下种植金线莲180 d后进行采收,金线莲根、茎叶长势佳,生物量积累丰富,折干率高,同时总黄酮、多糖、总生物碱药用价值成分均达到较高值。结论:泰宁一号金线莲林下仿野生种植的适宜种植密度为4 cm×4 cm,最佳采收时期为移栽后180 d。

Objective： A comparative method was used to determine the suitable density and the optimum harvesting stage for imitation wild A. roxburghii under forest. Methods： This study screened the experimental sites under forest in Taining County of Fujian Province,in which there were the similar environmental condition with the growth of A. roxburghii. On basis of this,to construct a reference for selecting of suitable density and optimal harvest stages of A. roxburghii planting under forest,the study that effects of density and harvest stages of planting A. roxburghii under forest on the biomass and medicinal active components of A. roxburghii were performed. Results： A series of appearance and biomass index including leaves,dry weight rate,polysaccharides,alkaloids and flavonoids had the highest level in 4 cm × 4 cm compared with other planting densities. Simultaneously,the critical biomass and medicinal components of A. roxburghii on different harvest stages were compared. The resulting A. roxburghii at 180 days after planting,showed better growth potential,higher biomass and rich medicinal components. Conclusion：The suitable planting densities of A. roxburghii planted under Taining No. 1 are 4 cm × 4 cm and the best harvesting stage is 180 d after transplanting.