中国劳动力空间集聚的就业效应——基于个体就业质量的视角

The Employment Effect on the Spatial Agglomeration in China:Based on the Perspective of Individual Employment Quality

分析劳动力空间集聚对个体就业质量的影响,在构建理论分析框架的基础上,采用匹配了城市特征变量的2012年中国劳动力动态监测数据进行实证分析,研究表明劳动力空间集聚需要较好的城市经济环境与之匹配,如此才能发挥其积极的集聚效应和溢出效应,从而提高个体劳动者的就业质量,增加劳动者就业福利。由此得到的启示是,政府在城镇化过程中的"作为"应更多地体现在发展和改善当地的社会经济水平、创造更好的投资环境和更多的就业机会,从而使得该地区对劳动力更加具有"吸引力",而非对劳动者进行直接干预。

Based on the dynamic data of the Chinese labor force in 2012, this paper earried out the empirical analysis. The study shows that the active agglomeration effect and spillover effect, such as the quality improvement of employment of individual workers and increase of the workers＇ benefits, need better urban economic environment match with the labor spatial agglomeration. The results implied that the government＇ s ＂acting＂ in the process of urbanization should be more reflected in the development and improvement of the local socio-economic level, to create a better investment environment and more employment opportunities, so that the region is more ＂attractive＂ to the labor force, rather than make direct intervention in workers.