民航飞行员骨密度和骨代谢指标的调查及分析

An Investigation and Analysis on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Metabolic Markers in Chinese Pilots

目的了解民航飞行员骨密度和骨代谢指标的变化。方法选择某航空公司健康男性飞行员200名和健康民航机关男性对照人员180名,分别采用双能X线吸收骨密度仪测量腰椎、股骨颈、全髋和全身骨密度;采用化学发光和生化方法检测血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶、维生素D、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽、β胶原特殊序列、全段甲状旁腺激素、骨源性碱性磷酸酶、N-端骨钙素、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶水平,并按年龄段分组比较飞行员组和对照组骨密度和骨代谢的结果。结果 30~39岁飞行员组全髋骨密度和全身骨密度高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P=0.037,P=0.018);30~39岁和50~60岁飞行员组N-端骨钙素高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004,P=0.036)。结论 30~39岁组民航飞行员全髋和全身骨密度高于对照组,30~39岁组和50~60岁组飞行员N-端骨钙素高于对照组。

Objective The goal of this study was to characterize the bone mineral density（BMD） and bone metabolic markers in Chinese pilots. Methods 200 healthy male aircrewmembers of civil aviation and 180 healthy male controls were selected and were divided into four different age groups. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry（DEXA） was used to assess lumbar spine（L1-L4） BMD,femoral neck（FN） BMD,total hip（TH）BMD and total body BMD. Blood calcium（Ca）,serum inorganic phosphorus（P）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）,25-OH-vitamin D（25-OH-Vit D）,total procollagen typeⅠ amino-terminal propeptide（PⅠNP）,β-crosslaps（CTX）,intact parathyroid hormone（i PTH）,bone alkaline phosphatase（BALP）,N-terminal osteocalcin（N-MID）,and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase（TRACP） were tested with chemoluminescence immunoassay and biochemistry tests. Then the results of BMD and bone metabolic markers were compared between pilots and the controls across age groups. Results The TH BMD and whole-body BMD of pilot group is significantly higher than the control group in the age group of 30-39（P = 0. 037,P = 0. 018）,and the N-MID-BGP of pilot group is significantly higher than the control group in the age groups of 30-39 and 50-60（P = 0. 004,P = 0. 036）. Conclusion The TH BMD and whole-body BMD of pilot group are significantly higher than the control group in the age group of 30-39. The N-MID-BGP of pilot group is significantly higher than the control group in the age groups of 30-39 and 50-60.