差动式双作用液动冲击器冲锤动力学方程的研究和应用

Research and Application of Differential Double-Acting Hydraulic Hammer Dynamics Equations

为了优化差动式双作用液动冲击器结构,本文建立了该型冲击器的数值模拟程序,用于之后结构参数与输出性能的影响关系研究。基于流体连续性方程、水击现象、水垫阻力、伯努利方程、压力损失等理论,建立了阀锤系统在三个运动阶段的力学模型;以冲锤或活阀为受力分析对象,建立了阀锤系统在每个阶段的动力方程;基于有限差分原理,利用MATLAB GUI进行程序编写,建立了数值模拟程序,运用实验数据拟合修正后的数值模拟程序输出性能参数与该型液动冲击器在实际工况下的输出性能参数基本一致。通过对背压的研究,阐述了背压的组成;利用建立的程序探究了背压对差动式双作用液动冲击器输出性能的影响规律并分析了原因。

In order to research double-acting hydraulic hammer,this paper established its numerical simulation program to provide theoretical support for subsequent structure optimization.It established hammer’s mechanical model in three different periods based on the continuity equation of fluid,water hammer effect,water resistance,Bernoulli equation and the pressure loss law.In addition,dynamic equation of hammer and valve were set up in each period.What’s more,a numerical simulation program of this hydraulic hammer was built based on finite difference method and the hammer’s mathematical model by using MATLAB GUI program.This program was similar to the actual working of hydraulic hammer after fitted and amended with experiment data.In addition,this paper expounds the composition of back pressure and explores the influence regularity of backpressure on the output performance of hammer by using the established program.