柞蚕幼虫粉的食用毒理学试验及安全性评价

Food Toxicological Tests and Safety Assessment of Antherae pernyi Larva Powder

柞蚕幼虫含有丰富的营养物质。以ICR小鼠和Wistar大鼠为实验动物,对以柞蚕5龄末幼虫制备的柞蚕幼虫粉进行毒理学检测试验,为柞蚕幼虫作为昆虫食品资源开发利用的安全性提供依据。分别以10.0、7.5、5.0 g/（kg·d）剂量添食柞蚕幼虫粉30 d的大鼠,其进食量、食物利用率和生长发育正常,脏器（脾、胃、肝、肾、十二指肠、卵巢、睾丸）系数、血液学指标（血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞含量等）、血液生化指标（谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性,尿素氮含量等）均未见异常;分别以10.0、5.0、2.5 g/（kg·d）3种剂量灌胃柞蚕幼虫粉的雄性小鼠,其精子未出现畸形,骨髓细胞微核试验呈阴性,未导致突变;Ames遗传毒性试验也呈现阴性。依据上述试验结果综合评价柞蚕幼虫粉属无毒物质,对实验动物的生长发育无影响,亦无致畸和遗传毒性。

The larva of tussah silkworm（ Antherae pernyi） is rich in nutrients. Toxicology of tussah silkworm powder prepared from the 5 th instar larvae was assessed using ICR mice and Wistar rats as experimental animal to evaluate its safety for comprehensive utilization and development of new insect food resource. Different dosages of tussah silkworm larva powder,i. e. 10. 0,7. 5 and 5. 0 g/（ kg·d）,were fed to Wistar rats as additive for 30 d. Food intake,food utilization rate,growth and development of the tested rats were all at normal level. No abnormal changes were found on organ coefficients（ spleen,stomach,liver,kidney,duodenal,ovary and testis）,haematological indexes（ contents of hemoglobin,red blood cells and white blood cells etc.） and blood biochemical indexes（ activity of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,activity of aspartate aminotransferase,and nitrogen content of urea etc.）. Male ICR mice fed with 3 dosages[10. 0,5. 0 and 2. 5 g/（ kg·d） ] of tussah silkworm larva powder showed no sperm shape abnormality. Bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus tests were negative,and no mutation was induced. Ames test on mutagenic effect also showed negative result. According to the above results,tussah silkworm powder should thus be considered as a non-toxic material. It has no adverse effect on animal growth and development,no teratogenic and no mutagenic effects on experimental animals.