走近他者:邻避困境化解的协商之道

Approaching Others:Way of Negotiation to Solve the NIMBY Dilemma

他者在邻避困境化解中扮演着重要角色,作为邻避冲突中的主体之一,他者的角色转换是影响邻避冲突走向的关键变量。在邻避政策制定过程中,他者空间上的在场与话语上的离场形成了巨大反差,使公众产生强烈的不公平感和相对剥夺感。此时,退出者和呼吁者的角色选择为他者表达不满和诉求提供了可能,而一旦这种身份转换失败,通常会引发剧烈的邻避冲突。要想走出邻避困境,公共部门提升自身治理能力是一个方面,但更为重要的是公共部门要学会主动走近他者,以协商沟通为桥梁,在政策制定的各个环节和程序上,创造条件让他者成为在场者,在构建他者对项目认知、程序认可、决策认同的基础上,引导他者最终成为公共政策的忠诚者。

The others play an important role in the solution of the NIMBY dilemma. As one of the main players in the NIMBY conflict, the role transition of the others is the key variable that influences the trend of the NIMBY conflict. In the process of NIMBY policy making, the presence of the others in space contrasts with the absence of words, which causes the public to have a strong sense of injustice and relative deprivation. At this point, the choice of the role of the withdrawal and the appeal provides the possibility for the others to express discontent and appeal, once the identity conversion failure, usu- ally caused by violent NIMBY conflict. If we want to get out of the NIMBY dilemma, the public sector can improve its gov- ernance capability, but it is more important that the public sector should learn to take the initiative and approach others. With consultation and communication as the bridge, we create conditions for the others to be present in every link and pro- cedure of policy making. On the basis of constructing the others＇ cognition of project, procedure and decision, we can lead the others to be loyal supporters to public policy.