发达地区与欠发达地区精神病患者生存质量的比较

Comparative analysis for mental patients' life quality between developed and developing regions

目的:初步探讨发达地区与欠发达地区精神病患者生存质量之间的差异。方法:应用精神病人生存质量问卷(Quality of Life Questionnaire for Mental Patients,QOL-P),采用方便随机抽样方法,抽取上海和广西共340名精神病住院患者进行调查,调查两地区患者生存质量的差异及影响因素。结果:两个地区合并样本量表总分与条目G(患者生存质量的自我总体评价)结果的一致性和关联性较高;两个地区的合并样本人口学基本特征中地区和性别显著影响生存质量的等级;按地区、性别分组的4个独立样本,其量表总分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),广西男性和女性在生理、心理、社会和症状4个维度上均较上海男性和女性为优(P<0.01);在影响患者生存质量最突出的问题方面两组存在一定程度的趋同性,但上海组心理维度和社会支持维度的得分远高于广西组。结论:欠发达地区(广西)精神病患者的生存质量一定程度上高于发达地区(上海)。

Objective： To explore the diff erences, causes and countermeasures for mental patients’ life quality between developed and developing regions. Methods： Based on the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Psychiatric Patients （QOL-P） and adopting convenient random sampling method, a total of 340 mental patients in Shanghai and Guangxi were investigated, and the data were analyzed by methods of Paired Design Crosstabulation Data hypothesis test, multivariate logistic regression, and independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test. Th e diff erences in patients’ life quality in the 2 regions and the infl uential factors were evaluated.Results： There were high consistency and correlation in the total scores of self-evaluation items G （self overall evaluation of life quality by patient） between the 2 regions. Region and gender significantly affected mental patients’ life quality in the basic demography characteristics in the 2 regions. The differences between total scores of 4 independent samples grouped by region and sex were significant （P〈0.01）. The male and femal patients in Guangxi in the dimensions of physiology, psychology, society and symptom were better than those in Shanghai （P〈0.01）. There was certain homoplasy between the patients from Shanghai and those from Guangxi in terms of the most prominent matters that affect the mental patients’ life quality, with the former being affected more seriously than the latter. Conclusion： To a certain extent, the mental patients’ life quality in the developing region （Guangxi） is better than that in the developed region （Shanghai）.