北京市流动和本地初一学生视屏行为现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the prevalence of screen time behavior among the local and migrant children in Beijing and its influencing factors

目的比较分析北京市流动与本地儿童在学习日与周末的视屏行为现状及其影响因素,为后续健康教育和其他干预提供提供参考。方法采用方便抽样的方法,抽取北京市海淀区4所普通公立中学所有2014—2015学年初一学生621名进行问卷调查。结果儿童学习日和周末平均每天的视屏时间分别为(1.04±1.50)和(2.56±2.45)h,儿童周末视屏时间超过推荐标准,且远高于学习日。流动儿童学习日和周末视屏时间符合率(≤2 h)分别为83.70%,48.60%,本地儿童分别为90.10%,43.90%。自我控制差的流动儿童学习日超过推荐视屏时间标准的风险是自我控制好的儿童的2.21倍(95%CI=1.12~4.36)。家庭支持低的本地儿童学习日和周末超过推荐视屏时间标准的风险是家庭支持高的儿童的3.42(95%CI=1.32~8.89)和2.74倍(95%CI=1.49~5.03)。结论北京市儿童尤其是流动儿童的视屏行为现状不容乐观。应针对影响流动和本地儿童行为的不同因素,开展有针对性的教育和干预工作。

Objective To compare and analyze the prevalence of screen time behavior among the local and migrant children in Beijing during weekends and weekdays and its influencing factors,and to provide reference for follow-up health education and prevention.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 621 students of grade 1 in the 2014-2015 academic year from 4 common public middle schools in Haidian District of Beijing,and questionnaire was performed on them.Results On average,screen time of participants spent on weekday and weekend were 1.04 h/d and 2.56 h/d,respectively.Participants spent more screen time during weekends than weekdays,and spent more than recommended 2 hours per day of screen time on weekends.Migrant children（ weekday： 1.19 h/d,weekend： 2.81 h/d） were disadvantaged in terms of screen time compared to local children（ weekday： 0.88 h/d,weekend： 2.31 h/d） in Beijing.During weekdays,migrant children with poor self-regulation had a higher risk of non-complicance with screen time recommendations than those with good self-regulation（ OR = 2.21,95% CI = 1.12-4.36）,no matter of weekdays or weekends,local children with less family support were less likely to meet recommended screen time（ weekday： OR = 3.42,95%CI = 1.32-8.89; weekend： OR = 2.74,95%CI = 1.49-5.03）.Conclusion Both migrant and local children in Beijing are at risk for excessive screen time.Given that factors significantly associated with behaviors for local and migrant students were different,targeted health education and interventions should be applied.