黄山市学龄前儿童被欺凌与行为问题的相关性

Correlation between peer victimization and behavioral problems among preschool children in Huangshan city

目的了解黄山市区学龄前儿童被欺凌行为的流行特征及其与行为问题的关系,为学龄前阶段预防控制同伴欺凌行为提供基础资料。方法在黄山市区对方便抽取的2 395名儿童家长,采用问卷调查儿童一般人口学特征、被欺凌行为以及行为问题等。结果学龄前儿童中最近2个月遭受言语欺凌、关系欺凌、躯体欺凌的报告率分别为7.7%,14.9%,28.3%;36.9%的研究对象报告至少遭受1类被欺凌行为。被言语欺凌和被关系欺凌的报告率均随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,而被躯体欺凌行为报告率随着年龄增长呈下降趋势(P值均<0.01)。学龄前儿童行为问题的7个维度、内外向性行为问题以及行为问题总分均表现为有行为问题者的3类被欺凌行为报告率均高于无行为问题者(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,学龄前儿童焦虑问题、躯体化症状、攻击行为、注意问题、多动问题与被言语欺凌关系的OR值均>1.6;攻击行为、注意问题与被关系欺凌关系的OR值均>2.3;躯体化症状、攻击行为与被躯体欺凌关系的OR值均>1.4(P值均<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童被欺凌行为报告率较高,且行为问题与被欺凌行为之间关系密切。

Objective To examine the prevalence of peer victimization among preschool children in Huangshan,and to explore the relationship between behavior problems and peer victimization,so as to provide a reference for prevention and controlling work of peer victimization in the preschool stage.Methods The parents of 2 395 preschool children were assessed with a self-administered questionnaire to research on the preschool children＇ s demographics,peer victimization and behavior problems.Results The prevalence rates of verbal peer victimization,relationship peer victimization and physical peer victimization in recent 2 months were 7.7%,14.9% and 28.3%,respectively.Approximately 36.9% of preschool children were reported to be engaged in at least one type of peer victimization.As the age growth,the prevalence of verbal peer victimization and relationship peer victimization were increased（ P〈0.01）,however,the prevalence of physical peer victimization was decreased（ P = 0.001）.According to the seven subscale of the behaviour problems internalizing/externalizing problems and total scores of behaviour problems in this study,the prevalence of each three peer victimization among preschool children with behaviour problems was much higher than those who without behaviour problems（ P〈0.05）.Preschool children＇s anxiety,somatization symptoms,aggressive behaviour,attention,and hyperactivity were associated with verbal victimization with odds ratios（ ORs） at least 1.6; the relationships between aggressive behaviour and attention and relationship victimization had been found in this study with ORs above 2.3; somatization symptoms and aggressive behaviour were related to physical victimization with ORs no less than 1.4.Conclusion It is common to see the peer victimization among preschool children in China.These findings suggest a strong relationship between behaviour problems and being bullied in preschool children.