南宁市高职生鼾症及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征影响因素分析

Analysis of the influencing factors of snoring disease and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome of higher vocational college students in Nanning

目的调查南宁市高职院校大学生鼾症及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea symptom,OSAHS)高风险者并探讨影响因素,为鼾症患者及OSAHS高风险者开展健康指导提供参考。方法整群抽取广西卫生职业技术学院2016级学生1 161名作为调查对象,采用匿名自填式调查问卷收集资料。结果高职生中检出鼾症38例(3.3%),OSAHS高风险者23例(2.0%)。鼾症组的男性、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、吸烟、饮酒、平卧位睡姿者、鼻腔狭窄及扁桃体肥大者比例均高于非鼾症组(χ~2/t值分别为13.70,2.46,4.18,14.20,7.12,8.02,28.60,20.80,P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,腰围、饮酒史、鼻腔狭窄病史、扁桃体肥大病史是患鼾症的危险因素;打鼾频率、嗜睡评分、枕头高度是OSAHS的影响因素(B值分别为1.545,0.346,-1.385,P值均<0.05)。结论减少腰围、戒酒、治疗扁桃体肥大及导致鼻腔狭窄的疾病有助于降低鼾症患病风险;降低鼾症患者的打鼾频率、改善日间嗜睡症状及选择高度适宜的枕头有助于降低OSHAS患病风险。

Objective To investigate snoring patients and high risk group of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome（ OSAHS） of Higher Vocational College students in Nanning and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide reference for health guidance for snoring patients and high risk group of OSAHS.Methods We selected students of grade 2016 from Guangxi vocational and technical institute of health in Nanning by cluster sampling method.And an anonymous self-administered questionnaire were offered to them to collect data.Results There were 38 snoring patients（ 3.3%） and 23 high-risk people of OSAHS（ 2.0%） among1 161 respondents.The proportion of male,BMI,waist circumference,the proportions of smoker and drinker,sleeping position,nasal cavity and tonsil hypertrophy in snoring group were higher than in non-snoring group（ χ^2/t = 13.70,2.46,14.20,28.60,20.80,P〈0.05）.Logistic regression analysis indicated that the regression coefficient B of the snoring influencing factors were positive,such as waits circumference,history of drinking,history of stenosis of the nasal cavity and history of tonsillar hypertrophy.Among the OSAHS influencing factors,the regression coefficient B of the frequency of snoring and scores of Epworth sleep scale were positive and that of the pillow height was negative（ P〈0.05）.Conclusion Reduction of waist circumference,abstinence and treatment of tonsillar hypertrophy and the diseases that causes narrowing of the nasal cavity would reduce the risk of soring disease.Reducing snoring frequency,improvement of somnolence symptoms and a right pillow would reduce the risk of OSAHS.