0岁～3岁婴幼儿呼吸道病毒IgM抗体检测分析

Analysis of the IgM test results of respiratory viruses in infants aged 0～3 years old

目的了解广东省妇幼保健院0岁~3岁呼吸道感染患儿五种常见呼吸道病毒特异性IgM的检测情况,指导临床治疗及合理用药。方法收集2015年3月~2016年2月医院因呼吸道感染住院0岁~3岁的4607例患儿血清标本,采用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)同时检测甲型流感病毒(IV-A)、乙型流感病毒(IV-B)、副流感病毒(PIV)、腺病毒(ADV)和呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)5种呼吸道病毒的IgM抗体,比较不同季节感染阳性率,并比较不同年龄及性别感染阳性率。结果 4607例样本中共检出IgM抗体阳性664例(14.41%),其中混合感染98例,占14.76%(98/664);被检病毒中IV-B阳性率最高,占61.30%,其次为ADV、PIV、RSV和IV-A,分别占12.95%、12.35%、9.49%和3.91%;随年龄增长阳性率逐渐增高,不同年龄患儿病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=141.355,P<0.05),其中2~3岁患儿阳性率最高,达34.40%;春季感染率最高,达26.79%,不同季节的病毒感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=143.374,P<0.05);不同性别患儿病毒感染率差异无统计学意义。结论 IV-B感染是医院婴幼儿呼吸道感染的主要病原体,2~3岁婴幼儿的病毒感染率最高,病毒感染不同季节差异明显,高发于春季。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the detection of specific IgM of 5 kinds of common respiratory virus in infants aged 0～3 years old with respiratory tract infections,so as to guide to clinical treatment and rational use of drugs.METHODS Serum samples of 4607 cases of infants aged 0～3 years old with respiratory tract infections in our hospital were collected from Mar.2015 to Feb.2016.The specific IgM of influenza A virus（IV-A）,influenza B virus（IV-B）,parainfluenza virus（PIV）,adenovirus（ADV）and respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）were detected by method of indirect immunofluorescence assay（IFA）.RESULTSIn 4607 samples,664 samples（14.41%）of specific IgM of viruses were detected,in which 98 cases were combined virus infections accounting for 14.76%（98/664）.Among them the positive detection rate of IV-B was the highest,accounting for 61.30%,followed by ADV,PIV,RSV and IV-A,with the rates of 12.95%,12.35%,9.49% and 3.91%,respectively.The virus detection rate was gradually increased along with the age growth.The virus detection rate was significantly different in infants of different age groups（χ2=141.355,P〈0.05）,among them the virus detection rate of infants aged 2～3 years old was the highest with the rate of 34.40%.The virus detection rate of infants in spring was the highest with the rate of 26.79%,the virus detection rate was significantly different in infants of different seasons（χ2=143.374,P〈 0.05）.There was no significant difference in the virus detection rate between different genders.CONCLUSIONIV-B infection is the main pathogen of respiratory tract infections in infants in our hospital.The virus detection rate of infants aged 2～3 years old is the highest.Infants are infected by virus in different seasons,and the infection peak appears in spring.