自我效能及人际支持对休闲性身体活动的影响

Study on influence of self-efficacy and social support on recreation physical activity

目的调查了解深圳市坪山区居民休闲性身体活动现状,分析自我效能以及人际支持对于休闲性身体活动的影响。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法对深圳市坪山区6个社区共1002名调查对象进行人户问卷调查。结果共获得有效问卷986份,其中男性460人(46.65%),女性526人(53.35%);休闲性步行活跃人数204人(20.69%),中高强度休闲性身体活动活跃人数116人(11.76%);多因素回归分析结果显示,自我效能是休闲性身体步行(OR=1.822,95%CI:1.427～2.327)和中高强度休闲性身体活动(OR=1.711,95%CI:1.274～2.296)的保护因素;同样,家人支持是休闲性步行(OR=1.563,95%CI:1.310～1.865)和中高强度休闲性身体活动(OR=1.473,95%CI:1.185～1.832)的重要保护因素。结论坪山区居民休闲性身体活动活跃人数较少,休闲性身体活动以步行为主,自我效能和人际支持对休闲性身体活动有重要影响。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of recreation physical activities and the influence of self-effi- cacy and social support on recreation physical activities in Pingshan District of Shenzhen, and to provide theoretical support for improving recreation physical activities levels in residents. Methods 1002 volunteers from 6 communities in Pingshan District were sampled by multistage random sampling methods and surveyed by face-to-face questionnaire interview. Results A total of 986 valid questionnaires were obtained in the study, including 460 men （46. 65% ） and 526 women （53.35%）. Among the participants, 204 people （20. 69% ） were active in recreation walking, and 116 （ 11.94% ） were active in medium and high intensity recreation physical activities. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the self-efficacy was protective effect of leisure walking （ OR = 1. 822, 95% CI： 1. 427 - 2. 327） and medium and high intensity recreation physical activities （ OR = 1. 711, 95% CI： 1. 274 -2. 296）. It also showed that family support was protective effect of recreation walking （ OR = 1. 563, 95% CI： 1. 310 - 1. 865） and medium and high intensity recrea- tion physical activities （ OR = 1. 473, 95% CI： 1. 185 - 1. 832）. Conclusion The number of residents who were active in recreation walking is small, while the recreation activities are mainly based on walking. Self-efficacy and social support have important influence on recreation physical activities.