唐代辞赋中的长城反思

Reflection on Great Wall in Fu in Tang Dynasty

唐代主要有四篇长城相关赋作:李世民《临层台赋》、李华《吊古战场文》、徐彦伯《登长城赋》、陆参《长城赋》。本文以对四篇赋的解读与比较为中心,结合作者所处的时代背景,参考相关史料记载,横向上联系唐朝的边塞诗、纵向上联系其他朝代的长城相关诗文进行对照。对待长城共有三种态度,支持、中立与反思。民本思想看到维护王朝的长久统治需要以民为本,人本思想则同情长城和战争剥夺了役夫与士兵作为生命个体的基本权利。在这两种思想的烛照下,唐代辞赋及其他时期或文体的长城相关作品,多数都对修建长城引起的劳役和长城代表的战争进行了批判。

Four pieces of Fu in the Tang dynasty involved with the Great Wall,Li Shimin＇s Fu of Standing on the Platform（临层台赋）, Li Hao＇s Fu of Mourning the Ancient Battlefield（吊古战场文）,Xu Yanbo＇s Fu of Mounting the Great Wall（登长城赋） and Lu Shen＇s Fu of the Great Wall（长城赋） were studied. By analyzing the writer＇s historical backgrounds, relevant historical documents, the frontier-style poems in the Tang Dynasty and the poems and articles related to the Great Wall in other dynasties, the author found that there are three kinds of attitude towards the Great Wall： support,neutrality and opposition. In people-oriented ideology,people are regarded as the basis for the long-term reign of a dynasty;the humanism sympathizes that the Great Wall and wars deprived the basic rights of servicemen and soldiers. From these two thoughts,in most of the Fu in the Tang Dynasty and other style works related to Great Wall in other periods of times,the writers criticized the labor and war caused by the Great Wall.