A systematic summary of natural compounds in Radix Glycyrrhizae

目的：本文通过汇总研究甘草成分的报道,系统整理甘草所含成分,并进行归类、分析和评价.方法：计算机检索中国知网（CNKI）、万方（WanfangData）、维普（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）和Pubmed五个数据库,收集报道甘草中化学成分的相关文献,检索时限均为从建库至2016年3月.按纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料,采用循证研究的方法进行分析.结果：共整理汇总了关于甘草成分研究的252篇中英文文献,包括653个天然成分,其中黄酮类有10个亚类201个成分,萜类及皂苷类167个成分,香豆素类3个亚类30个成分,脂肪族类化合物206个成分,芳香族类化合物35个与其它类化合物14个成分.研究最多的成分是甘草中的黄酮类（以甘草苷及甘草素为代表）,其次是萜类/皂苷类（以甘草酸及甘草次酸为代表）.结论：这600多甘草天然成分是临床甘草制品的抗炎、祛痰止咳和止痛等作用的主要物质基础.

Objective： To accumulate data from studies on the compounds identified from Gancao （Radix Glycyrrhizae, GC）, andthen systematically summarize and classify these compounds according to their structural characteristics. Methods： Fivedatabases （CNKI, VIP, Wanfang data, CBM, and Pubmed） were used to search for studies on the chemical structure ofcompounds from GC. The retrieval time of the respective databases was from their inception to March 2016. Accordingto the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the papers were carefully screened, and the data were extracted. Results： A totalof 653 compounds from GC were collated from 252 articles, including flavonols （n = 201） belonging to 10 subgroups,terpenes and saponins （n = 167）, coumarins （n = 30） belonging to 3 subgroups, aliphatics （n = 206）, aromatics （n = 35）,and others （n = 14）. The flavones, represented by liquiritin and liquiritigenin, were the most reported compounds isolatedfrom GC, followed by terpenes and saponins such as glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid. Conclusion： The morethan 600 natural compounds in GC may be responsible for GC’s anti-inflammatory, phlegm-expelling, cough- andpain-relieving activities.