晚清洋商保险买办探讨

The Insurance Comprador in the Foreign Insurance Industries during the Period of Late Qing Dynasty

中国近代保险史是一部洋商保险业控制和垄断旧中国保险市场而华商保险业力图独立和反垄断的历史。在洋商保险业从有到强以及华商保险业从无到有的过程中,保险买办都起了重要作用,但学界关于保险买办的研究不尽如人意。保险买办是西方资本在近代保险业中的一种表现形态。为拓展在华市场,保险洋商们设计了一套建立在社会关系网基础上的营销、激励、信用保证制度,即保险买办制度。此制度随着洋人保险商与保险买办关系的变化不断发展变化,总体上从彼此依赖到逐渐独立。本文从晚清保险买办产生的历史根源、保险买办制度以及保险买办与洋商保险辨证运动关系等三个方面进行阐述,力图填补保险买办研究的空白。

The history of modern China insurance is a history that foreign insurance companies controlled and monopolized China＇s insurance market,and the Chinese insurance sector tried to become independent and defy foreign monopoly. Although the Insurance Comprador played an important role in the strengthening of the foreign insurers and the initiation of Chinese insurers,relevant academic research on them is limited. The Insurance Comprador is a form of modern western capital in the modern China insurance sector. To develop China market,foreign insurers designed a set of system that was based on the social network. This so-called Insurance Comprador System included marketing,incentives and credit guarantee. This system evolved with the relationship between the Insurance Comprador and foreign insurers moving from mutual dependence to independence. All in all,with the aim to fill in the gaps in the research field,this paper elucidated the historical origins of insurance Compradors in late Qing Dynasty,the insurance comprador system,and the dialectical dynamics between insurance compradors and foreign insurers.