太极拳国际化推广问题及对策——以冰岛、挪威和喀麦隆三国孔子学院为例

Problems and Measures of International Promotion of Taijiquan——Taking Confucius Institutes in Iceland, Norway and Cameron for Examples

运用实地调研、访谈和问卷调查法,对冰岛、挪威和喀麦隆三国孔子学院太极拳国际化推广主体、内容、受众和教学空间等进行研究,发现:三国孔子学院以语言推广为主,太极拳较边缘化;教师水平不一,流动频繁;技术教学与文化传播脱节;教学内容同质化,缺乏针对性;教学空间杂乱无序,制约受众心理认同。建议:丰富孔子学院多元功能定位;强化武术志愿者素质;促进太极拳"功理合一";注重受众差异特征;规范教学场地空间,促进太极拳国际化推广。

Using the methods of field research and so on, this paper studies the international promotion subject, content, audience and teaching space of taijiquan in Confucius Institutes in Iceland, Norway and Cameroon. Language promotion is the main content of Confucius Institutes in the three countries abovementioned and taijiquan is relatively marginalized; teacher moved frequently and their level are uneven; technology teaching and cultural spread are disjointed; teaching content is homogenized and lacks of pertinence; disorderly teaching space restricts the audience＇s psychological identity. Suggestions： enrich multivariant function orientation of Confucius Institute; strengthen qualities of wushu volunteers; promote the harmony of taijiquan technique and theory; emphasize on different characteristics of the audience; standardize teaching space and accelerate the international promotion of taijiquan.