西方伦理思想中“勇”的三重意蕴

Tripartite Meanings of Courage in Western Ethical Thought

在西方伦理思想中,＂勇＂存在三个层面的意蕴：一是作为自然德性的勇;二是作为道德德性的勇;三是作为诸美德的一般核心要素的勇。作为自然德性的勇述说的是个体心理学意义上的性格特质以及行为方式;作为道德德性的勇,还具有理性与正义的内涵;勇不仅是一种特定的道德德性或德目,而且是道德心理中的一个重要环节,是人们由之成就各种道德德性的道德勇气,是弥合道德认知与道德行为之间的断裂的一个桥梁。

＂Courage＂has tripartite meanings in western ethical thought,the first one is natural excellence,the second one is moral excellence and the third is a common core essential factor of various virtues. Courage as natural excellence tells the individual personality traits and pattern of behaviors in the sense of psychology;Courage as moral excellence has the connotation of reason and justice in addition;Courage is not only a particular moral virtue,but also an important part of moral psychology,is the moral courage by which people achieve various moral virtue,is a bridge between moral cognition and moral behavior.