特朗伯墙体冬季集热性能的CFD模拟分析

Simulation of the thermal performance of a Trombe wall in winter using computational fluid dynamics

近年来,利用计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)来评价、改善特朗伯墙体集热性能的研究大大降低了实验成本。所以,数值模拟成为特朗伯墙体进一步节能设计工作的关键。本文从集热墙冬季采暖特性入手,简化了3D模型;分析了墙体传热过程,合理地设置边界条件;模拟了冬季采暖期内稳态时特朗伯墙体的温度场、速度场分布特征。由尺寸参数影响分析得出,对于2.8 m(髙)×3 m(宽)的特朗伯墙体,通风孔直径的最佳尺寸为0.18 m;空气间层厚度取0.16~0.18 m较为合适。

Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD） has been used in recent years to evaluate and improve the thermal performance of passive houses with Trombe walls. This approach has greatly reduced experimental costs. Numerical simulation is the key for designing Trombe walls with the greatest energy savings. The objectives of this study were（i） to use a simplified 3 D model to evaluate the thermal performance of a Trombe wall during winter and（ii） to analyze the heat transfer process of the Trombe wall in order to set its available boundary conditions and（iii） to determine the influence of the dimensions of the Trombe wall on thermal performance. The temperatures and air speed distribution during the winter heating period were simulated with the Trombe wall under steady state conditions. When the Trombe wall was 2. 8 m high × 3 m wide,the optimum size of air inlet and outlet diameter was 0. 18 m. The most appropriate thickness of the air channel was 0. 16 ~ 0. 18 m.