“恶弱水土”员阙与宋代两广官员选任

The Official Selection Difficulty in Guangdong and Guangxi in the Song Dynasty

自然环境、交通、文化、财政等因素导致宋代愿意赴任两广任官的士人稀少,符合资格的官员数量不足。在出现长时间无人愿就的窠阙时,朝廷不得不将部分选任权下放到两广地方;当地方任官制弊端丛生时,朝廷又试图将选任权收归吏部。两广缺官的现实迫使朝廷降格以求,提供任官优遇条件,并实行辟差法、摄官法、定差法等特殊选官政策。特殊选官政策虽然带来了新弊端,但在一定程度上缓解了官员选任困难,解决了两广缺官问题。

Such factors as natural enviornent, transportation, culture and finance resulted in the official selection difficulty in Guangdong and Guangxi in the Song Dynasty. The imperial court had to empower the local governments of the two places to select officials, which, however, produced many problems. Therefore, the imperial government took back the power of selecting officials again and took some special measures such as bringing down qualification and raising treatment to attract officials. All though these measures brought about some new problems, they eased the official selection difficulty in Guangdong and Guangxi to some extent.