不同比例全株玉米青贮饲粮对生长猪生产性能、养分利用、血液学指标和血清氧化应激指标的影响

Effects of Diets with Different Proportions of Whole Plant Corn Silage on Performance,Nutrient Utilization,Hematological Indexes and Serum Oxidative Stress Indexes of Growing Pigs

本试验旨在研究不同比例全株玉米青贮饲粮对生长猪生产性能、养分利用、血液学指标和血清氧化应激指标的影响。选取胎次、体重[(33.16±3.49)kg]相近的生长猪(杜×长×大)32头,随机分为4组,每组8个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,营养水平参照NY/T 65—2004中瘦肉型猪饲养标准供给,试验组分别饲喂含20%、30%和40%全株玉米青贮的试验饲粮,上述4种饲粮粗纤维含量(干物质基础)依次为3.0%、3.5%、4.0%和4.5%。试验猪单独饲养于代谢笼中,预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果显示:随着饲粮中全株玉米青贮比例的增加,生长猪的末重、平均日增重、养分(干物质、有机质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和总能)表观消化率、蛋白质生物学价值、净蛋白质利用率、总能代谢率、血红蛋白浓度和血清铜蓝蛋白含量呈线性降低(P<0.05),而饲喂基础平均日采食量、干物质基础平均日采食量、平均日粗纤维采食量、饲喂基础料重比和干物质基础料重比则呈线性升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,20%和30%全株玉米青贮组生长猪的平均日增重、干物质基础平均日采食量、干物质基础料重比、蛋白质生物学价值、净蛋白质利用率、血液学指标和血清氧化应激指标均差异不显著(P>0.05),但40%全株玉米青贮组的末重、平均日增重、养分表观消化率、血液血红蛋白浓度和血清铜蓝蛋白含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。由此得出,全株玉米青贮可用于生长猪低营养水平饲粮的配制,使用比例为20%~30%时能保障生产性能,并可改善健康状况。

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of diets with different proportions of whole plant corn silage on performance,nutrient utilization,hematological indexes and serum oxidative stress indexes of growing pigs. A total of 32 growing pigs（ Duroc × Landrace × Large W hite） with the similar parity and body weight [（ 33.16 ± 3.49） kg] were allocated into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group,and pigs were fed individually in a metabolic cage for 42 days after 7 days adaptation. The control group was fed a basal diet,and the dietary nutrient level was according to reference of NY/T 65—2004 lean pig feeding standard. In the three test groups,the ratios of 20%,30% and 40% whole plant corn silage was used to replace the basal diet,respectively. The crude fiber content（ dry matter basis） in the above 4 diets was 3. 0%,3. 5%,4. 0% and4.5%,respectively. The results showed that with the whole plant corn ratio increasing in the diet,the final body weight,average daily gain（ ADG）,apparent digestibility of nutrients（ dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,ether extract and gross energy）,biological value（ BV） of protein,net protein utilization（ NPU）,gross energy metabolizable rate,hemoglobin concentration and serum ceruloplasmin（ CER） content of growing pigs decreased linearly（ P〈0.05）,but the average daily feed intake as fed basis（ FB-ADFI）,average daily feed intake as dry matter basis（ DM-ADFI）,average daily crude fiber intake（ ADCFI） and feed to gain ratio as fed basis（ FB-F/G） and feed gain ratio as dry matter basis（ DM-F/G） increased linearly（ P0.05）. Compared with the control group,no significant effects on the ADG,DM-ADFI,DM-F/G,BV of protein,NPU,hematological indexes and serum oxidative stress indexes of growing pigs of 20% and 30%whole plant corn silage groups were observed（ P〉0.05）. However,the final body weight,ADG,nutrient apparent digestibility,hemoglobin concentration and serum CER content of 40% whole plant corn silage group were significantly decreased（ P〈0. 05）. It is concluded that the whole plant corn silage can be used for the preparation of lownutritional level diet for growing pigs,which can ensure the performance and improve health status when the feeding ratio is 20% to 30%.