论小额诉讼程序的适用——以程序选择权为视角

On the Procedure Option of the Parties in Small Lawsuit

小额诉讼程序设立的宗旨在于缓解民事案件激增与司法资源有限之间的矛盾,同时使小额案件的当事人享有平等接近正义的机会。在立法上,我国现行法律采用强制适用的立法模式,剥夺了当事人对小额诉讼程序的选择权;在司法实践中,法院的做法却与法律规定不相适应,这是导致我国小额诉讼程序适用率低的一个重要原因。因此,完全的强制适用和完全赋予当事人程序选择权都是不适应我国小额诉讼程序发展的,应当对小额诉讼案件进行细化,分不同情形赋予当事人一定程度的程序选择权。

The purpose of setting up the small claims procedure is to ease the contradiction between the proliferation of civil cases and the limited judicial resources,and at the same time,to give parties in small cases equal access to justice. In the legislation,the existing law of our country adopts a compulsory applicable legislative mode,which does not give the parties the right to choose the small proceedings. In judicial practice,the court＇s practice is incompatible with the law. Some courts require the plaintiff to apply at the prosecution For small claims,some courts need the consent of both parties to apply the small claims procedure. This is an important reason why the application rate of the small claims proceedings in our country is low. Therefore,the full compulsory application and the complete procedural options granted to the parties are not suited to the development of China＇s small-value proceedings. The cases of small-value lawsuits should be refined,and the parties should be given a certain degree of procedural options in different situations.