从平民住所制度看民国青岛对乡村移民的公共卫生治理(1929～1937)

The Modern Urban Management of Rural Migrants from the Perspective of the Low-rent Housing in Qingdao

近代青岛急速变迁，致使乡村移民转变为市民的周期太短，他们往往离土未离根，身离魂未离。生活方式、价值观念并未与生产方式、职业结构、消费行为等同步变化。平民住所出现的公共卫生治理困境即是最好的例证。青岛市政府志在通过建设平民住所解决公共卫生问题。然而，由于乡民传统生活习惯、卫生理念等与现代公共卫生理念存在差异，随即陷入困境。平民住所的实践，其示范意义大于实际意义；“物”的现代化不能根本解决“人”的现代化问题。

Modern Qingdao had been rapidly changed,resulting from the transformation of rural immigrants into the public cycle was too short,too fast. The plight of public health governance in civilian settlements was the best example.The Qingdao municipal government aimed to solve the public health problem through the construction of civilian housing. However,due to the traditional people’s living habits,health concepts and modern public health ideas there were many differences. The practice of civilian residence,the significance of demonstration was greater than the practical significance. The modernization of "things"could not fundamentally solve the "people"modernization problem.