微孢子虫的进化起源与系统分类现状

Micosporidia: Recent Advances on Its Evolutionary Origin and Classification

系统回顾了微孢子虫起源进化的研究进展及其系统分类现状。近30年来,一些依据SSU r DNA序列、翻译延伸因子1α序列、直系同源蛋白基因树及真菌蛋白质组生命树等的研究支持微孢子虫起源于原生生物。但同时大量的单基因或多基因系统发育研究又支持微孢子虫起源于真菌。最近一系列独立的系统基因组学研究结果,加上在罗兹菌门中发现了介于真菌和微孢子虫中间类型的近微孢虫菌属(Paramicrosporidium)、线孢虫菌属(Mitosporidium)和噬核菌属(Nucleophaga),进一步支持微孢子虫起源于罗兹菌门的噬核菌属谱系。

The review summarized recent advances on the evolutionary origin and classification of Microsporidia. The phylogenetic reconstructions based on the SSU r DNA sequence,translation elongation factor EF-α sequence,ortholog protein sequence,and proteome amino acid sequence showed that the Microsporidia may have a protistan origin. However,phylogenetic tree based on a dozen of single genes [e.g.genes of tublins,TATA box binding protein,the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II（ RPBI） and so on] strongly supported that Microsporidia are closely related to the Fungi as either the basal clade or the sister group of the Fungi. A series of independent phylogenomic investigatoins placed Microsporidia as the earliest branching clade within the Fungi. The discovery of novel intermediate genus Paramicrosporidium,Mitosporidium,Nucleophaga between Microsporidia and Fungi confirmed that Microsporidia are evolved from a Nucleophaga lineage within Rozellomycota. The article reviewed the classification within Microsporidia,and 21 new published genera.