信息技术对高等学校的影响

The Impact of Information Technology upon Universities

《国家中长期教育改革与发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》明确指出,信息技术对教育发展具有变革性影响,信息技术在教育发展中具有战略性地位。信息技术对高等学校的影响主要体现在管理、教学支持、科学研究、继续教育、全球化五个方面。管理信息化降低了高校管理的成本,提高了管理的效益,扩大了高校的最佳学生规模,促使高校走内涵式发展道路。信息化教学支持对于高校学生的规模没有影响,但是提高了教学质量。信息技术重构了高校的科学研究流程,变革了知识的存储、获取、共享、生产方式,使得知识生产的规模呈爆炸性增长,提高了科学研究质量。信息技术使得高校继续教育的规模从理论上可以无限扩大化,校外学生的规模最终取决于学费收益与品牌成本之间的平衡,规模扩大的同时降低了教育的质量。MOOC推动了高校的全球化水平,促进优质教学资源服务于全球,MOOC不会导致教学质量的改变,但是大规模地扩大了校外学生的规模。

China＇s Outline of National Medium and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Program （2010 -2020） clearly states that information technology has a transformative impact on education development, and it occupies a strategic position in education development. The transformation of information technology for higher education is mainly reflected in five respects： management, teaching support, scientific research, continuing education and globalization. Management informatization has reduced the cost of university management, improved the effectiveness of management, expanded the optimal scale of students in universities, and promoted universities to follow the path of connotation development. Information teaching support has made no impact on the scale of university students, but improved the quality of teaching. Information technology has reconstructed the process of scientific research and transformed the storage, acquisition, sharing, and production methods of knowledge. This has led to an explosive growth in the scale of knowledge production and improved the quality of scientific research. Theoretically, information technology can make an unlimited expansion of the scale of continuing education at universities. The scale of off-campus students has eventually depended on the balance between tuition fees and brand costs. At the same time, the scale expansion has also reduced the quality of education. MOOC has promoted the global level of universities, making high-quality teaching resources serve the world. MOOCs will not cause any changes in teaching quality, but may expand the scale of off-campus students on a large scale.