2016年集安公路桥口岸鼠类及其携带病原体调查

Survey on rats and pathogens at Ji'an road bridge port in 2016

目的了解集安公路桥口岸鼠类的种群构成、季节消长及其携带病原体情况,为口岸鼠传疾病监测及防控提供科学依据。方法 2016年1-12月,采用夹夜法捕鼠,用PCR和RT-PCR法检测汉坦病毒、鼠疫耶尔森菌、斑点热群立克次体、博卡病毒等6种病原体。结果共捕获鼠类101只,隶属2目3科5属6种,平均鼠密度为2.81%,优势鼠种为褐家鼠、黑线姬鼠。在褐家鼠和大麝鼩中检测到汉坦病毒11份,阳性率12.36%;检测到博卡病毒8份,阳性率8.99%。首次在吉林省大麝鼩中检出博卡病毒。结论集安公路桥口岸鼠密度高于无鼠害口岸的标准(1%),应大力开展防鼠工作,预防控制口岸鼠传疾病的发生和流行。

Objective To know the population composition,seasonal fluctuation and pathogens of rats at Ji’an road bridge port,and to provide scientific evidence for surveillance and preventing of rat-borne diseases. Methods The night trapping method was used to catch rats,PCR and RT-PCR method was used to detect six kinds of pathogens,including Hantavirus,Yersinis pestis,Spotted fever group Rickettsiase（SFGR）, Bocavirus. Results A Total of 101 rats were caught,belonging to 2 orders,3 families,5 genera and 6 species. The average density was 2.81%. The dominant species were Rattus norvegicus and Apodemus agrarius. Hantavirus and Bocavirus had been detected from 11 Rattus norvegicus（positive rate was 12.36%） and 8 Crocidura lasiura（positive rate was 8.99%）,respectively. It’s the first time to detect Bocavirus from Crocidura lasiura at Jilin province. Conclusion The density of rats at Ji’an road bridge port was higher than the standard（1%）. It is should to conduct control of rats,to prevent the epidemic of rat-borne diseases at ports.