张家口市输入性甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学分析

Epidemiologic analysis of imported influenza A(H1N1) cases in Zhangjiakou city

目的 分析张家口市输入性甲型H1N1流感病例的流行特征,为防控措施提出建议。方法 用描述性流行病学方法,对张家口市2009年7月—2013年5月间的境外输入性甲型H1N1流感病例个案资料进行分析。结果 2009年7月—2013年5月,共确诊输入性甲型HINl流感病例15例。其中男性9例,女性6例;平均年龄22.5±12.2岁。病例来自美洲、欧洲、非洲、亚洲、大洋洲等11个国家和地区,其中来自美洲者最多,占26.67%(4/15)。入境交通工具以飞机为主13例(86.66%)。有11个病例(73.33%)在口岸被发现,另外4个病例为自行就诊时发现。80.00%(12/15)的病例发病前7d内到过疫区。临床表现以发热(≥37.3℃)(93.33%)、咳嗽(60.0%)为主,另有6.67%的病例出现恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等消化道症状。结论 张家口市输入性甲型H1N1流感病例以散发为主,临床症状较轻,病例中超过半数由口岸卫生检疫发现。

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of imported influenza A（H1N1） cases in Zhangjiakou city,and to put forward suggestions for the prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the case data of imported influenza A（H1N1） cases from July,2009 to May,2013 in Zhangjiakou city. Results 2009-2013,a total of 15 cases of imported influenza A（H1N1） were confirmed at Zhangjiakou city. Among them,9 cases were male,and 6 cases were female. The average age was 22.5 ±12.2 years old. The cases returned from 11 countries and regions in America,Europe,Africa,Asia and Oceania,most of which were came from America,accounted for 26.67%（4/15）. 13 cases（86.66%） came to China by aircraft. There were11 cases（73.33%） were confirmed by health quarantine at ports,the other 4 cases（26.67%） were diagnosed on their own visit to doctors. 80.00%（12/15） of the cases had travel history to epidemic area 7 days before onset.The clinical symptoms of most of the cases were fever（≥37.3°C）（93.33%） and cough（60.0%）. Some cases（6.67%） had gastrointestinal symptoms,including nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain and diarrhea. Conclusion The influenza A（H1N1） cases imported to Zhangjiakou city were mainly sporadic,with mild clinical symptoms. More than half of the cases were found by health quarantine at ports.