历史叙事与修辞方式--延安时期“水浒戏”创作及改编的一种考察

The Historical Narration and Rhetorical Mode: A Study of the Productions and Adaptations of The Outlaws of the Marsh in the Yan’an Period

"水浒戏"在延安时期占据着独特的文艺地位,特别是《逼上梁山》等具有"旧剧革命的划时期的开端"这样被高度评价和赞誉的新编剧目,不仅是抗战时期文艺民族化、大众化运动深入开展的实践成果,而且对延安时期及其以后和"十七年"的戏曲改革产生了重大的影响力。其艺术创新活动中所蕴含的"置换变形"修辞策略、"阶级仇恨"修辞模式,包括"官逼民反—替天行道"这一修辞叙述"内在结构"等等,直接影响了建国以后"传统戏"乃至"现代戏"的创作规范、结构方式与审美构建。因此,本文拟通过文本的细读与批评,着重考察延安时期新编"水浒戏"的历史叙事与修辞方式。

During the Yan＇ an Period, productions of The Outlaws of the Marsh occupied a unique position in literature and art, especially adaptations credited as the ＂revolutionary beginnings of the reformation of old drama,＂ e.g. ＂Forced to Liangshan. ＂ These adaptations were fruits of the nationalization and popularization of literature and art during the War Against the Japanese Invasion. They had a significant influence on the reformation of drama in the Yan＇ an Period as well as later in the ＂Seventeen Years. ＂ The rhetoric strategy of ＂replacement and variation＂ and the rhetorical mode of ＂class animosity＂ in artistic innovations, exemplified by the narrative of the ＂inner structure＂ of ＂riots incited by the corruption of officials - rebels as agent of divine revenge, ＂ directly affected the paradigm, structure and aesthetics of ＂traditional drama＂ and ＂modern drama＂ after the founding of the People＇ s Republic of China. This article focuses on the historical, narrative, and rhetorical methods of the new theatre of The Outlaws of the Marsh in the Yan＇ an Period through close reading and criticism of the texts.