某劳动密集型电子企业员工心理资本状况及其影响因素

Investigation on psychological capital and its influence factors of employees in a labour-intensive electronic company

[目的]分析某劳动密集型电子企业员工心理资本状况及其影响因素,为改善员工心理资本提供依据。[方法]采用整群随机抽样方法,使用一般情况调查表和心理资本问卷(PCQ-24),对646名员工进行问卷调查,对心理资本状况的影响因素进行多元线性回归分析。[结果]员工心理资本总均分为(4.25±0.68)分,4个维度得分从高到低依次为希望(4.35±0.88)分、坚韧性(4.35±0.88)分、乐观(4.18±0.72)分、自我效能(4.12±0.91)分。回归分析结果显示,随着年龄的增加,员工的心理资本水平增加(P<0.01);和初中及以下学历员工相比,大专或高职以及本科及以上学历员工的心理资本水平较高;和月收入<2 999元员工相比,月收入3 000~4 999元员工的心理资本水平较高(回归方程的R2=0.075,整体的F检验值为4.256,P<0.01)。[结论]该企业员工的心理资本处于中等偏上水平。应关注低年龄、低学历、低收入水平的员工,提高其心理资本水平;重视员工自我效能的加强和乐观水平的提升。

[Objective] To observe the psychological capital status and its influence factors of employees in a labour-intensive electronic company,in order to provide orientation for the promotion of their psychological capital. [Methods] A total of 646 employees in a labour-intensive electronic company were investigated with the general questionnaire and psychological capital questionnaire（PCQ-24）. The influencing factors of psychological capital status were analyzed with multiple factor linear regression. [Results] The total average score of psychological capital was（4.25 ± 0.68）,and the average scores of four dimensions were hope（4.35 ± 0.88）,resilience（4.35 ± 0.88）,optimism（4.18 ± 0.72）and self-efficacy（4.12 ± 0.91）,respectively. The regression analysis showed that the psychological capital level of the employees increased with age（P〈 0.01）.The employees,who had experience of study in the college,had a higher score than those who only attended primary and junior high school;the psychological capital level of employees who had monthly income more than 3 000 RMB was higher than those whose monthly income was less than 3 000 RMB（R2 = 0.075,F = 4.256,P〈 0.01）. [Conclusion] The psychological capital of employees in the labour-intensive electronic company was not bad. However,more attention should be paid to young employees or the employees with low education level and low income to promote their psychological capital level. We should enhance the employees＇ self-efficacy and optimism.