《世界各国人民大团结》和《中国各族人民大团结》壁画创作研究

Research of the Paintings Great Unity of the World's Peoples and Great Unity of Chinese Peoples

中国国家博物馆内东部二层至三层的墙壁上有两幅巨型壁画,南边的一幅是《世界各国人民大团结》,北边的一幅是《中国各族人民大团结》,作者分别为周令钊、陈若菊夫妇和黄永玉,创作时间为1959年,尺寸为9×10米。在壁画创作过程中,"世界人民大团结"和"中国人民大团结"的主题历经数次调整,最后由时任中宣部部长陆定一拟定。其中,"世界人民大团结"意指开展积极的外交活动,为新中国争取有利于建设的国际和平环境,提高其在国际社会上的地位。"中国人民大团结"意指全国各族人民紧密团结在党中央周围,并努力进行社会主义生产建设。两幅壁画旨在从内政外交的角度塑造新中国的国家形象。在艺术表现上,周令钊、陈若菊夫妇和黄永玉不断调整作品的表现形式,最终这组作品以优秀的面貌成为新中国美术史上的经典之作。

There are two large paintings displayed on the wall of the National Museum of China（NMC）, Great Unity of the World＇s Peoples [世界各国人民大团结] and Great Unity of Chinese Peoples [中国各族人民大团结]. Those paintings are created in 1959 respectively by Zhou Lingzhao and his wife Chen Ruoju and Huang Yongyu, sizes 9×10 m. During the process of creation, the themes of those two paintings had been modified several times and was finally determined by Lu Dingyi, then Head of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China. Those paintings aimed to establish the national image of the People＇s Republic of China after its founding from both domestic and diplomatic aspects. The painters made a great effort during the creation process and made them classic works in the art history of New China.