2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松患者健康素养状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of the health literacy status and influencing factors in type 2 diabetic patients with osteoporosis

目的了解2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松患者健康素养状况及影响因素,为制定提高2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松患者健康素养干预措施提供参考。方法采用自制的健康素养量表对268名2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松患者进行问卷调查,分析调查对象的健康素养状况及其影响因素。结果 268名2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松患者健康素养得分为144.68±62.81分,占满分的62.91%(满分230分),其中书面素养得分为124.82±58.74分,占该领域满分的75.65%(满分165分);运算能力得分为26.84±10.42分,占该领域满分的41.30%(满分65分)。其中有109例(40.71%)的患者得分<150分,属于健康素养缺乏;有86例(32.10%)的患者得分为150~180分,属于临界健康素养;另有73例(27.20%)的患者得分>180分,属于健康素养充足。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、病程、有无职业、月收入、住院次数、居住地是2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松患者健康素养的影响因素。结论 2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松患者存在较低健康素养现象,对其影响因素制定针对性的干预措施是提高患者健康素养的重要途径。

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of health literacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis,so as to provide reference for developing health literacy intervention measures for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Methods A self-designed Health Literacy Scale was used to investigate 268 healthy adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Results The score of health literacy of 268 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis was 144. 68 ± 62. 81 points,accounting for 62. 91% of full score（full Score 230）. The score of written literacy was124. 82 ± 58. 74 points,accounting for 75. 65% of the total score（165 points） in the field,and the score of computing ability was26. 84 ± 10. 42 points,accounting for 41. 30% of the total score（65 points） in the field. Among them,109（40. 71%） of the patients scored less than 150 points,who belonged to the lack of health literacy. 86 cases（32. 10%） had a score of 150-180 points,who belonged to critical health literacy. In 73 cases（27. 20%）,the scores were more than 180 points,and the health literacy was sufficient. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,education level,course of disease,occupation,monthly income,number of hospitalization,and residence were the influencing factors of health literacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis have low health literacy. Making targeted interventions is an important way to improve their health literacy.