一对一辅导式健康教育对2型糖尿病高危患者足部护理行为的影响

The effects of one-to-one tutoring education method on the nursing behavior of patients with high risk of type 2 diabetes

目的探究分析一对一辅导式健康教育对2型糖尿病高危患者足部护理行为的影响。方法选取2015年8月~2017年8月来哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院内分泌二病区就诊的2型糖尿病足高危患者110例,采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为对照组和试验组,各55例。对照组给予常规健康教育,试验组给予一对一辅导式健康教育,均给予12个月的健康教育干预。比较两组患者行不通健康教育前后糖尿病足基本知识掌握、糖尿病足部健康行为以及遵医嘱自护行为的变化情况。结果与健康教育前相比,两组患者的糖尿病足基本知识评分、糖尿病足部健康行为评分及各项遵医嘱自护行为评分均明显升高(P<0.05),且试验组患者干预后各项糖尿病足基本知识评分、糖尿病足部健康行为评分及遵医嘱自护行为评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论一对一辅导式健康教育能有效改善糖尿病足高危患者对自身疾病知识及足部护理相关知识的认识,帮助树立健康的生活理念,提高患者自护行为意识,减少糖尿病足部损伤的发生。

Objective To explore the effect of one-to-one tutoring education method on the nursing behavior of patients with high risk of type 2 diabetes.Methods One hundred and ten cases of patients with high risk of type 2 diabetic foot treated in the Second Endocrine Ward,the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from August2015 to August 2017 were selected.All the patients were divided into the control group and the experimental group by random number table,each group had 55 cases.The control group was given the routine health education.The experimental group was given one-to-one tutoring education.All patients were given 12 months health education intervention.The basic knowledge,diabetic foot health behavior and the change of the protection act in accordance with the doctor＇s advice of patients with diabetic foot before and after health education were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with before health education,after intervention,the basic knowledge scores of diabetic foot,diabetic foot health behavior scores and self-care behavior scores were significantly enhanced in the two groups（P〈0.05）;and after intervention,the basic knowledge scores,diabetes foot health behavior scores and compliance doctor self-care behavior scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant（P 0.05）.Conclusion One-to-one tutoring type health education can effectively improve diabetic foot high-risk patients＇ knowledge about their disease and foot care,help to establish a healthy lifestyle,improve patients＇ self-protection consciousness,reduce the occurrence of diabetic foot injury.