2017年祁县酥梨生长发育的气象条件分析

Analysis of Meteorological Conditions on the Growth and Development of Crisp Pear in Qixian County in 2017

利用祁县2017年气象要素资料与常年要素资料比较,同时结合农业灾情调查,对祁县酥梨年生长周期主要物候期的气象因子进行分析.结果表明:2017年祁县酥梨关键生育期总体气温适宜,降水丰沛,日照充足,有利于酥梨正常生长发育.但是,休眠期气温温度持续偏高,导致果树花期提前,倒春寒天气发生,造成低洼果园幼果冻伤;酥梨套袋期5月下旬遇35℃以上高温天气,幼果有日灼现象发生,夏季7月上中旬和8月中旬出现高温干旱,影响酥梨的产量和品质.总体上看,2017年气象条件对酥梨生产影响利大于弊.

Utilized agricultural meteorology observation data which compared with the data of the perennial factors and Combined with the investigation of agricultural disaster, Meteorological conditions on the main phenological period of crisp pear in Qixain County were analyzed. The results are as follows ：In 2017,it is suitable for the whole growth period of the growth and development of crisp pear in Qixain County to the critical temperature,abundant precipitation and adequate sunshine. But,in dormancy period,the temperature continually rised,which led to rescence ahead of time,to generate the spring cold weather,and to cause young fruit frostbite. In bagging period,young fruit happened to sunburn in the high temperature above 35 ℃ in late May,which affected the yield and quality of crisp pear.On the whole,effect of Meteorological conditions in 2017 on the growth and development of crisp pear have more advantages than disadvantages.