陕西地区妊娠期妇女铁缺乏和缺铁性贫血患病率调查研究

A epidemiological survey of iron depletion and iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women in shaanxi province

目的:调查我省孕妇铁缺乏(ID)和缺铁性贫血(IDA)患病率。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取我省关中、陕北、陕南地区共8所医院产检的妊娠期妇女共4548例为研究对象,对所有研究对象进行血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白等指标检测。结果:孕妇ID、IDA患病率分别为28.58%、24.69%;早孕ID、IDA患病率为18.53%、5.24%,中孕ID、IDA患病率为25.52%、14.48%,晚孕ID、IDA患病率为31.45%、32.75%;不同孕期孕妇ID、IDA患病率有显著差异性(P<0.01)。城市孕妇ID、IDA患病率为32.91%、22.49%,农村孕妇ID、IDA患病率为22.76%、27.67%。孕早中期ID患病率城市与农村无显著差异性;孕晚期ID患病率城市高于农村且有显著差异,IDA患病率城市与农村无显著差异性。结论:孕妇铁缺乏、缺铁性贫血仍是我省普遍存在的问题,孕中晚期妇女是铁缺乏症的高发人群。孕晚期铁缺乏患病率城市高于农村;缺铁性贫血城市农村孕妇的患病率无差异。

Objective：In order to better understand the iron status in pregnant in Shaanxi Province.Methods：A epidemiological survey was undertaken in the year 2017 in Shanxi Province to investigate the prevalence rates（PR）of iron depletion（ID）and iron deficiency anemia（IDA）.4548 pregnant women were selected by multistratification and random sampling from eight cities and counties of our Province.Hb was measured by cyanmethemoglobin assay and serum ferritin by radioimmunoassay.Results：The PR of ID and IDA were 28.58% and 24.69% in pregnant women;There were statistical differences in the PR of ID and IDA in pregnant women between different trimesters（P0.01）,with the highest in the third trimester（31.45%,32.75%）,followed by the second trimester（25.52%,14.48%）and the first trimester（18.53%,5.24%）.The PR of ID and IDA in urban pregnant women were 32.91%and 22.49%;The PR of ID and IDA were 22.76% and 27.67%in rural pregnancy.There was no significant difference between the PR of ID of the urban and rural pregnancy in early and mid-pregnancies.There were statistical differences in the PR of ID between the urban and rural pregnancy in the third trimester（P0.01）,and the PR of ID of the urban pregnant women was higher than the rural pregnant women,s.The PR of IDA of the rural pregnant women in the third trimester was higher than the urban pregnant women,s,but there was no significant difference.Conclusions ：IDA and latent iron deficiency are still quite common in pregnant women in our Shaanxi Province.Pregnant women in mid and late pregnancies are at risk for iron deficiency.The PR of ID was no significant difference between the urban and rural pregnancy in early and mid-pregnancies.The PR of ID of the urban pregnant women was higher than the rural pregnant women,s in the third trimester,and there are statistical differences.The PR of IDA are no significant difference between the urban and rural pregnancy.