清末至民国时期高校的学生自治发展历程研究

A Study on the Development Process of Student Autonomy in Chinese Universities from the Late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

清末至民国时期,各个高校创立学生自治会进行自我管理,干预学校活动,谋求自身权益。学生自治的发展与政局的稳定有关,动荡年代活跃,稳定年代受政府与高校控制。学生自治反映出政府和高校对学生权利地看待。通过分析史料,文章将近代学生自治发展历程划分为三个阶段:1902—1918年为起始阶段;1919—1928年为兴盛阶段;1928—1949年为"规训化"阶段,并归纳了每个阶段学生自治的原因和特点。

During the period from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,various colleges and universities established autonomous councils for self-management,which was to intervene school activities and seek their own rights and interests. The development of student autonomy was related to the stability of the political situation as it was active in the age of the turbulence and controlled by the government and university in the era of stability. Student autonomy reflected the government and university＇s view about students＇ rights. By analyzing the historical data,this paper divided the process of student autonomy in this period into three stages： 1902-1918 as the initial stage; 1919-1928 as the prosperous stage; 1928-1949 as the ＂ disciplining＂ stage,and it also concluded the reasons and characteristics of student autonomy at each stage.